《植物生理学报》 2018, 54(3): 401-410

开花后小黑麦旗叶氮代谢与籽粒蛋白质形成的品种间差异

王丽华, 曹鑫波, 左师宇, 魏湜, 李晶^*

东北农业大学农学院, 哈尔滨150030

通信作者：李；E-mail: jingli1027@163.com

摘　要：

为了解不同类型小黑麦(×Triticosecale)氮代谢及籽粒蛋白质形成的差异, 本文以加工型品种‘东农8809’、饲用型品种‘东农5305’和粮饲兼用型品种‘东农96026’为材料, 采用随机区组设计, 探究3个类型小黑麦品种氮同化、氮素积累及转运、蛋白质积累特性的变化。结果表明, 加工型品种‘东农8809’花后氮素同化量高而氮素转运量低, 籽粒蛋白质主要来源于花后植株的同化吸收; 饲用型品种‘东农5305’硝酸还原酶(NR)和谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)活性高, 旗叶可溶性蛋白含量和游离氨基酸含量较高, 对氮的贮存能力高, 利于生育后期向籽粒转运; 粮饲兼用型品种‘东农96026’的NR和GS活性较低, 且生育后期GS降幅大, 氮同化能力较低, 氮素转运量和氮转运效率小, 氮素转运能力弱。

关键词：小黑麦; 氮同化; 氮转运; 籽粒蛋白质

收稿：2017-11-28   修定：2018-02-13

资助：“十二五”国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD14B06)、国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903010-05)和“十三五”国家重点研发计划课题(2017YFD0300405)。

Differences in flag leaf nitrogen metabolism and grain protein formation among triticale varieties after anthesis

WANG Li-Hua, CAO Xin-Bo, ZUO Shi-Yu, WEI Shi, LI Jing^*

Agricultural College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China

Corresponding author: LI Jing; E-mail: jingli1027@163.com

Abstract:

In order to study the differences of nitrogen metabolism and grain protein formation among different varieties of triticale (×Triticosecale), ‘Dongnong 8809’ (processing triticale), ‘Dongnong 5305’ (forage triticale) and ‘Dongnong 96026’ (grain feed triticale) were used as experimental materials. Experiments were carried out in randomized complete block design with 3 replications. Nitrogen assimilation, nitrogen accumulation and translocation, and protein accumulation characteristics of different varieties of triticale were studied. The results show that, ‘Dongnong 8809’ had a higher nitrogen assimilation amount after anthesis and a lower nitrogen translocation amount, and grain protein mainly depended on assimilation of plants after anthesis. ‘Dongnong 5305’ had higher activities of NR and GS, and higher soluble protein and free amino acid contents of flag leaf. A higher nitrogen storage capacity was beneficial for nitrogen transports to grain. ‘Dongnong 96026’ had lower NR and GS activities, and a big drop in GS activity at late growth stage, causing a low nitrogen assimilation capacity. A lower nitrogen translocation amount and transport efficiency resulted in a weak nitrogen transport capacity in ‘Dongnong 96026’.

Key words: triticale; nitrogen assimilation; nitrogen transport; grain protein